{"id":2254,"date":"2023-06-14T18:55:36","date_gmt":"2023-06-14T16:55:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.spacesecurity.info\/?p=2254"},"modified":"2025-01-13T11:32:35","modified_gmt":"2025-01-13T10:32:35","slug":"a-comparaison-of-recently-released-cybersecurity-frameworks-for-space-sector","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.spacesecurity.info\/en\/a-comparaison-of-recently-released-cybersecurity-frameworks-for-space-sector\/","title":{"rendered":"A quick comparaison of recently released Cybersecurity Frameworks for Space Sector"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u00ab\u00a0<em>The space sector is in need of frameworks and methodologies specific to our unique operating environment<\/em>\u00a0\u00bb said\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/gregoryfalco\/\">Gregory Falco<\/a>\u00a0(Aerospace Security &amp; Space Technology Asst. Prof at Johns Hopkins, Cybersecurity PhD from MIT).<\/p>\n<p>In this article, we will present some recently released cybersecurity frameworks for space domain :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>SPARTA<\/strong> : The Aerospace Corporation\u2019s Space Attack Research and Tactic Analysis<\/li>\n<li><strong>SPACE-SHIELD<\/strong> : The Space Attacks and Countermeasures Engineering Shield from ESA<\/li>\n<li><strong>TREKS<\/strong> : The Targeting, Reconnaissance, &amp; Exploitation Kill-Chain for Space Vehicles Cybersecurity Framework<\/li>\n<li><strong>SpaDoCs<\/strong> : The Space Domain Cybersecurity Framework<\/li>\n<li><strong>EMB3D<\/strong> : A Cybersecurity Threat Model dedicated for Embedded Devices.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>The Aerospace Corporation\u2019s Space Attack Research and Tactic Analysis (SPARTA)<\/h2>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2061\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2061\"><a class=\"td-modal-image\" href=\"https:\/\/www.spacesecurity.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/SPARTA-Matrix.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2061 size-large td-animation-stack-type0-2\" src=\"https:\/\/www.spacesecurity.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/SPARTA-Matrix-1024x420.jpg\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 696px) 100vw, 696px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.spacesecurity.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/SPARTA-Matrix-1024x420.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.spacesecurity.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/SPARTA-Matrix-300x123.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.spacesecurity.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/SPARTA-Matrix-768x315.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.spacesecurity.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/SPARTA-Matrix-1536x630.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.spacesecurity.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/SPARTA-Matrix-696x285.jpg 696w, https:\/\/www.spacesecurity.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/SPARTA-Matrix-1068x438.jpg 1068w, https:\/\/www.spacesecurity.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/SPARTA-Matrix.jpg 1875w\" alt=\"\" width=\"696\" height=\"285\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2061\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Space Attack Research and Tactic Analysis (SPARTA) matrix<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>The Aerospace Corporation\u2019s Space Attack Research and Tactic Analysis (SPARTA) framework was already in place. SPARTA is an ATT&amp;CK\u00ae like knowledge-base framework but for for Space Missions.<\/p>\n<p>SPARTA matrix is intended to provide unclassified information to space professionals about how spacecraft may be compromised due to adversarial actions across the attack lifecycle.<\/p>\n<p>You can learn more about SPARTA in our article <a href=\"https:\/\/www.spacesecurity.info\/aerospace-corporation-released-sparta-v1-3-a-new-version-of-the-space-attack-research-and-tactic-analysis-sparta-matrix\/\">here<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2>The SPACE-SHIELD (Space Attacks and Countermeasures Engineering Shield) from ESA<\/h2>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2021\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2021\"><a class=\"td-modal-image\" href=\"https:\/\/www.spacesecurity.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/1682669931917.jpeg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2021 size-large td-animation-stack-type0-2\" src=\"https:\/\/www.spacesecurity.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/1682669931917-1024x348.jpeg\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 696px) 100vw, 696px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.spacesecurity.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/1682669931917-1024x348.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/www.spacesecurity.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/1682669931917-300x102.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/www.spacesecurity.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/1682669931917-768x261.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/www.spacesecurity.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/1682669931917-1536x523.jpeg 1536w, https:\/\/www.spacesecurity.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/1682669931917-696x237.jpeg 696w, https:\/\/www.spacesecurity.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/1682669931917-1068x363.jpeg 1068w, https:\/\/www.spacesecurity.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/1682669931917.jpeg 1878w\" alt=\"\" width=\"696\" height=\"237\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2021\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">SPACE-SHIELD or ATT&amp;CK Matric for Space<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>There was also the SPACE-SHIELD (Space Attacks and Countermeasures Engineering Shield) from ESA. SPACE-SHIELD is an ATT&amp;CK\u00ae like knowledge-base framework for Space Systems.<\/p>\n<p>It is a collection of adversary tactics and techniques, and a security tool applicable in the Space environment to strengthen the security level. The matrix covers the Space Segment and communication links, and it does not address specific types of mission.<\/p>\n<p>You can learn more about SPACE-SHIELD in our article\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.spacesecurity.info\/esa-released-the-space-shield-an-attck-like-knowledge-base-framework-for-space-systems\/\">here<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2>The Targeting, Reconnaissance, &amp; Exploitation Kill-Chain for Space Vehicles (TREKS) Cybersecurity Framework<\/h2>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2149\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2149\"><a class=\"td-modal-image\" href=\"https:\/\/www.spacesecurity.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/TREKS-Cybersecurity-Framework-2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2149 size-large td-animation-stack-type0-2\" src=\"https:\/\/www.spacesecurity.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/TREKS-Cybersecurity-Framework-2-1024x642.jpg\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 696px) 100vw, 696px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.spacesecurity.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/TREKS-Cybersecurity-Framework-2-1024x642.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.spacesecurity.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/TREKS-Cybersecurity-Framework-2-300x188.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.spacesecurity.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/TREKS-Cybersecurity-Framework-2-768x482.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.spacesecurity.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/TREKS-Cybersecurity-Framework-2-696x437.jpg 696w, https:\/\/www.spacesecurity.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/TREKS-Cybersecurity-Framework-2-1068x670.jpg 1068w, https:\/\/www.spacesecurity.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/TREKS-Cybersecurity-Framework-2.jpg 1240w\" alt=\"\" width=\"696\" height=\"436\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2149\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Targeting, Reconnaissance, &amp; Exploitation Kill-Chain for Space Vehicles (TREKS) Cybersecurity Framework<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>TREKS (Targeting, Reconnaissance, &amp; Exploitation Kill-Chain for Space Vehicles) is a new Cybersecurity Framework that highlights the unique kill chain for the space vehicle.<\/p>\n<p>It&#8217;s a Cybersecurity Framework released by\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/jacob-oakley-3128a25a\/\">Dr. Jacob Oakley<\/a> after more than five years spent researching and working on space system cybersecurity.<\/p>\n<p>You can learn more about TREKS in our article <a href=\"https:\/\/www.spacesecurity.info\/treks-targeting-reconnaissance-exploitation-kill-chain-for-space-vehicles-a-new-cybersecurity-framework-that-highlights-the-unique-kill-chain-for-the-space-vehicle\/\">here<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2>SpaDoCs, the Space Domain Cybersecurity Framework<\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.spacesecurity.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Framework-1024x784-1.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-2336\" src=\"https:\/\/www.spacesecurity.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Framework-1024x784-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"784\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.spacesecurity.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Framework-1024x784-1.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.spacesecurity.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Framework-1024x784-1-300x230.png 300w, https:\/\/www.spacesecurity.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Framework-1024x784-1-768x588.png 768w, https:\/\/www.spacesecurity.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Framework-1024x784-1-696x533.png 696w, https:\/\/www.spacesecurity.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Framework-1024x784-1-80x60.png 80w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>SpaDoCs, or the Space Domain Cybersecurity Framework, is a comprehensive and systematic model designed to address cybersecurity challenges in the space domain. Developed to bridge the gap between space and cyber domains, SpaDoCs aims to enhance collaboration and information sharing across mission, company, international, and government boundaries.<\/p>\n<p>The framework provides a layered approach to understanding and tackling cybersecurity issues in space systems, starting from the enterprise layer and drilling down through mission, system, and DevSecOps layers. At each layer, SpaDoCs highlights specific threats and vulnerabilities, keeping the CIA triad (Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability) as the foundation and key objectives of cybersecurity.<\/p>\n<p>You can learn more about SpaDoCs in our article <a href=\"https:\/\/www.spacesecurity.info\/space-domain-cybersecurity-framework-also-known-as-spadocs\/\">here<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2>EMB3D, the Cybersecurity Threat Model dedicated for Embedded Devices<\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.spacesecurity.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/workflow-summary.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-2859\" src=\"https:\/\/www.spacesecurity.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/workflow-summary-1024x442.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"696\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.spacesecurity.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/workflow-summary-1024x442.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.spacesecurity.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/workflow-summary-300x129.png 300w, https:\/\/www.spacesecurity.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/workflow-summary-768x331.png 768w, https:\/\/www.spacesecurity.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/workflow-summary-1536x663.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.spacesecurity.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/workflow-summary-2048x883.png 2048w, https:\/\/www.spacesecurity.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/workflow-summary-696x300.png 696w, https:\/\/www.spacesecurity.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/workflow-summary-1068x461.png 1068w, https:\/\/www.spacesecurity.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/workflow-summary-1920x828.png 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 696px) 100vw, 696px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>EMB3D (Embedded Device Threat Model) is a comprehensive framework developed by MITRE Corporation to address cybersecurity challenges specific to embedded devices. Launched in May 2024, EMB3D serves as a central repository of information on cyber threats targeting embedded systems used in various industries, including critical infrastructure, IoT, automotive, healthcare, manufacturing and also space sector.<\/p>\n<p>EMB3D aims to provide a common language and understanding of embedded device threats, facilitating better communication and collaboration among vendors, asset owners\/operators, security researchers, and testing organizations. By offering a standardized approach to threat identification and mitigation, EMB3D supports the development of more secure embedded devices from the design phase onwards.<\/p>\n<p>The framework&#8217;s dynamic nature ensures its relevance in the face of evolving cyber threats, making it a valuable tool for enhancing the security posture of embedded systems across various critical sectors like space.<\/p>\n<p>You can learn more about EMB3D in our article <a href=\"https:\/\/www.spacesecurity.info\/mitre-releases-emb3d-a-cybersecurity-threat-model-for-embedded-devices\/\">here<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2>What about SPARTA vs. ATT&amp;CK MITRE ?<\/h2>\n<p>The current cyber-security frameworks \u2013 MITRE\u2019s ATT&amp;CK and Microsoft\u2019s Kubernetes \u2013 while representing the industry standard for analyzing attacks on terrestrial devices, however, do not sufficiently cover the space segment scenarios.<\/p>\n<h2>What about SPARTA vs. SPACE-SHIELD ?<\/h2>\n<p>SPACE-SHIELD (Space Attacks and Countermeasures Engineering Shield) is an ATT&amp;CK\u00ae like knowledge-base framework for Space Systems. It is a collection of adversary tactics and techniques, and a security tool applicable in the Space environment to strengthen the security level. The matrix covers the Space Segment and communication links, and it does not address specific types of mission. You can learn more about SPACE-SHIELD\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.spacesecurity.info\/esa-released-the-space-shield-an-attck-like-knowledge-base-framework-for-space-systems\/\">here<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2>What about TREKS vs. other frameworks<\/h2>\n<p>TREKS is intended to provide a bridge between the existing frameworks available to address, categorize, taxonomize and analyze cybersecurity compromises of traditional terrestrial based network architectures and the future of cybersecurity for space where those frameworks become more applicable as compromises become more frequent, prolific, and acknowledged. This framework can provide a taxonomy that can be used to characterize foundational aspects of cyber threats to SVs in a way that allows for the identification of trends and enables analysis of this niche target set at the intersection of the space and cyber domains.<\/p>\n<h2>Conclusion<\/h2>\n<p>In conlusion, &#8220;We need frameworks, this is sure. But we need also to ensure that we are not diverging or duplicating the efforts.&#8221; said <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/paulvarela\/\">Paul Varela<\/a>, CyberSecurity\/Risk Expert and Trainer at EUSPA.<\/p>\n<p>My position is that it&#8217;s right but I think these frameworks are complementory.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00ab\u00a0The space sector is in need of frameworks and methodologies specific to our unique operating environment\u00a0\u00bb said\u00a0Gregory Falco\u00a0(Aerospace Security &amp; Space Technology Asst. Prof at Johns Hopkins, Cybersecurity PhD from MIT). In this article, we will present some recently released cybersecurity frameworks for space domain : SPARTA : The Aerospace Corporation\u2019s Space Attack Research and [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2255,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[35,5,4,14,6],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-2254","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-cyber","8":"category-etats-unis","9":"category-europe","10":"category-hacking","11":"category-satellite"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>A quick comparaison of recently released Cybersecurity Frameworks for Space Sector - Space &amp; Cybersecurity Info<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.spacesecurity.info\/en\/a-comparaison-of-recently-released-cybersecurity-frameworks-for-space-sector\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"A quick comparaison of recently released Cybersecurity Frameworks for Space Sector - Space &amp; Cybersecurity Info\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u00ab\u00a0The space sector is in need of frameworks and methodologies specific to our unique operating environment\u00a0\u00bb said\u00a0Gregory Falco\u00a0(Aerospace Security &amp; Space Technology Asst. 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